Are Humans Naturally Violent?

Are Humans Naturally Violent? Its evident that most human beings think that war can never be avoided and for these reason many of the societal ideas have been based on the concept that violence is part of human nature. Human social, scientific thinking, religious and political ideas are basically based on idea that every person is born a killer. Violence is much in us that its rarely questioned by the society and other people. As human we tend to look for the cause of evil things or those that are considered to be vile for instance violence as we fail to look for the cause of the good things that are happening around us. Violence is thought to be caused by frustration and this is best explained by the aggression theory. For these reason one of the many questions in the human minds is how violence became part of us (Senker and Gifford 8). Violence is one of the prominent things in our civilization. Smell of war and violence has left its victims confused about what they might have done to deserve such a harsh treatment. As those who caused the much affliction and pain to humanity defend themselves by saying that was all that they had to do; we cant help it but wonder if violence is truly inborn in us. Despite the fact that violence is one of the best way that is applied by human to cover their inner emptiness and frustration it usually brings more harm than any good. For example those who have been victims of bombing and war are usually left with a scar that can never disappear or heal. Its very painful and difficult to loose your whole family in war and this are some of the daily happenings in our society (Kurtz and Turpin 100). Despite the controversies and argument surrounding these concept there are organizations which have come up with some evidence to dispel the concept of violence being perceived as innate human trait. For example UNESCO came up with a statement to oppose these belief and they further planned to incorporate their research into the student curriculum in order to mould the young people in the rightful way. Sigmund Freud argues that there is a spontaneous and natural aggression energy which is reserved within humans. And in order to avoid harmful deeds he recommends that one should do competitive sports more often in order for this energy to be removed. Freud argues that those who do not do exercise are more likely to indulge into violence as a way of removing the extra energy (Senker and Gifford 10). Many have regarded this model to be false since other behaviorist have indicated that the origin of violence is something which is external as opposed to internal stimulant. Some irritant external factors are thought to stimulate violent deeds and behavior. They support this fact by the aspect that many communities live quite well without any form of aggression and secondly he argues that there is no evidence to prove that there exists an in build pressure within people that makes them to behave violently. On the contrary if its true that there is energy that accumulates within us then we are not supposed to be aggressive as Aristotle indicates in his theory. Research that has been done indicate that people become violent by consistently watching or taking part in violent deeds. This is attributed to the fact that engagement in aggressive deeds enables one to react aggressively therefore if one has not accumulated violent scenes in his mind as a result of watching or practicing viole nt deeds they cannot become violent. Scientist concluded in 1986 that there is no scientific evidence to prove that aggression and violence is inborn. Despite the fact that it cannot be scientifically proven whether men are naturally violant the belief of the same is strongly held by our society. Some argue that animals are naturally violent and since we share the same ancestral line we cannot alienate ourselves from this truth. Our history has many stories about war, and cruelty and at the same point the physiologist has indicated that our brains have some hormones that are related to aggression and for these reason biologically man is created violent. Its important for humans to draw a line between themselves and animals since human beings are very complex than animals. There are many aspects that are in humans which are absent in animals. For example humans have the ability to reason whereas animals are not in a position to critically reason (Kurtz and Turpin 57). In spite the fact that science informs us about our ancestry we should not limit our mind to the actions of animals. Lets not allow the animal behavior to influence our actions as a society. For these reason we should not allow our instincts to influence us the same way animals are influenced. When we are violent because our relatives which are animals are also violent then we are not using the knowledge that we were given as humans. On the other hand animal are not very violent as many think unless they equate hunting to violence. Animals rare form aggression groups and if this actually happen it must be as a result of the circumstance animals found themselves in or because of the environment. Among the humans there is violate behavior but that does not give us the reason to belief that violence is innate. Therefore its important for us to realize that by the fact that something is universal done does not mean that its natural and innate. For instance, by the fact that several commu nities may be producing pottery is not an indication that there is a pottery gene in that community (Baumeister and Bushman 306). Therefore aggression is not a universal thing since there are some cultures which are peaceful. For these reason humans are not born violent simply because not all people are violent. Its also true that men who are very primitive are not war like; war like character has increased among the modern men. One can choose to be violent or peaceful and a good example is Sweden which in the past years was a violent nation but at the moments its rated among peaceful industrialized nation. On addition violence and war has a lot to do with politics, personal interest as well as the social setting therefore this practice has little to do with nature. The fact that war is a dominant aspect of our history does not men that war is part of a humane nature. Therefore whether we believe that we are naturally violent or not its our decision. The belief is still rooted in our society and the many controversies about the same will still continue. Finally everyone has a responsibility to make a rightful decision. Therefore one can choose to be peaceful or violent because there is much knowledge that is bestowed upon humanity to make the rightful decision. Our bad choices and character should not be excused in the name of nature because them that succumb of this ill remain in a state of confusion as they keep wondering about the turn of things. Life is precious and peace is a wonderful experience that every sensible person may ever long for (Baumeister and Bushman 304). Work cited Cath Senker and Clive Gifford. Violence on the Screen. New York, NY: Evans Brothers, 2010. Roy Baumeister Brad Bushman. Social Psychology and Human Nature. London,UK: Cengage Learning, 2007. Kurtz Lester Jennifer Turpin. Encyclopedia of violence, peace conflict. New York, NY: Academic Press, 1999.

Nora †A Classical Hero in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll`s House Essay

Nora Helmer, the central character, wife of Torvald, and mother of three children, is indeed a classical hero in Isben’s A Doll’s House. She was hiding her character and personality throughout the play under the pretense of the ‘ideal 19th century wife’ who completely abides to her husband. The character of Nora is quite tough to interpret as she is made out of a combination of different traits. Even though she is found to be playful and silly in certain places, she appears very differently in certain other places being very practical and astute. She is indeed a hero as she was successful in showing that she is a supporting wife, and a good mother. Nora attempts to become a strong individual even though she was being locked in a male dominated world. Her husband Torvald’s dominating nature was the one that was preventing her from become self motivated. She appeared inexperienced, naà ¯ve and vulnerable till the end when she surprised everybody by boldly leaving her husband and children to live an independent life. Nora’s world appeared to be so childish that the author has named it as a ‘doll’s house’. She appeared as an alien to the real world with no real world experience. She was even found humorous in few incidents. But we can see the same Nora being serious and trying to be superior as she says â€Å"one isn’t without influence†. She is indeed a captivating character. Even though Nora is constructed as immature and silly, we can see that this nature is enforced by the society around her. However her true nature was destined to be revealed later. Nora is found to be an independent woman who was restricted within the ‘dollhouse’ by her husband. Her life was like that of a butterfly that is trying to get out of the cocoon to show its true colors. We can see Nora striving, throughout the play, and finally unveiling her original self. She is indeed a classical hero. She was submissive to her husband and was enthusiastic and smart. We can say that Nora was always right in her attitude as this was the best she can be towards her dominating husband. Towards the end of the play she discovered herself and took the big shocking decision to leave her husband and children for ever. Nora is found to be swinging along the extremes. We can find her extremely happy during some times and deeply depressed in certain other times. We can find her desperate and needy and also prosperous and self sufficient. Nora is sometimes wise and sometimes silly. She is tottering between the personality she wants to be and the personality she pretends to be. She was found subordinate to her husband Torvald who believed that women are frail and can never make decision of their own. However finally Nora gets hold of her individuality and dares to take the great decision to abandon her husband and children. Nora’s great passion for life and her strong feministic beliefs stimulated her to take the decision of her life. She courageously broke away from the doll house that appeared as a prison for her all through these days. Nora was always under the care of someone, first with her father and then with her husband. Nora was a materialistic, impulsive and babyish. But Nora appeared as a bold woman in the final scene of the play. We can see Nora the classical hero walking out of her house in the final scene to live her life. All this makes us doubt whether she was pretending to be silly all through these days to adjust with the patriarchal oppression she was suffering from her husband Torvald. Nora finally becomes fully independent to renounce the false union of marriage and the burden of motherhood. She says â€Å"Never see him again.   Never.   Never.   Never.   Never see the children again.   Them too.   Never. never.   Oh – the icy black water!   Oh – that bottomless – that -!   Oh, if only it were all over!   Now he’s got it – he’s reading it.   Oh, no, no!   Not yet!   Goodbye, Torvald!   Goodbye, my darlings.† Nora always wanted to get out of the clutch of her husband as she says to Rank and Linde â€Å"I’ve the most extraordinary longing to say: ‘Bloody hell!’†Ã‚  She finally gets out all her social and traditional commitments and obligations as become free as a hero. She is such a classical character that our hearts are with her even though she took the pitiless decision to leave her moral husband and innocent little children. She can be called as a hero as a fought for a good cause, the freedom for the weaker sex. The position of women in the 1800’s, during the time of Nora was too low. They lived as housewives with no right to vote, own property, and make any significant transactions. Nora recognized her slavery and preferred to break away and live a life with freedom. It is nothing but her courage to fight against oppression made her the most admirable stage heroine of the century. What she has done is perfectly justifiable in the light is modern ideology and culture. She was just being a model to the women of modern days. She stepped into a wider world and making her husband understand that he is not the noble person that she expected him to be. She understands that she can no longer continue as a shadow of her husband. She turned out to be a classical hero in the contemporary male dominated society that oppressed women to the core and considered them as a second-class citizen. She just initiated an awakening and made a classical turn in history. Work Cited Ibsen, Henrik. ‘A Doll’s House’. Introduction to Literature: Reading, Analyzing, and Writing. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1990

Childhood and Young People Essay

Describe ways in which discrimination may deliberately or inadvertently occur in work? The ways in work that this would occur would be if you have a policy where you will employ anyone without discrimination but without having disabled access that would be inadvertently. Describe the sorts of behaviour problems that should be referred to other and to whom these should be referred? The sorts of behaviour problems that should be referred are if a problem keeps re-occurring such as hitting, biting, and swearing. This should be referred to your manager and then that’s for the manager to take further or not. Describe the different transitions children and young people may experience? There are different transitions that children and young people may go through can be planned for such as moving to a primary school but the transitions that you cant plan for will be a sudden death in the family which this could be traumatic for the child. Explain how to give adult support for each of the transitions? The most important part of giving adult support to a child when going through these transitions would just letting the child know that there is someone for them to rely on. Explain how a work setting can encourage children and young people’s positive behaviour? Depending on the age of the child the encouragement doesn’t really change for example 1-2 year old you would distract the child if they aren’t displaying good behaviour and then praise them while keeping calm and patient and make sure you stay being a good role model. For a 3-4 year old you would praise and encourage the child and then next explain while keeping patient and then supervise the child and then make sure that you continue to be a role model. Reflect on own role in promoting positive behaviour? In my role I think promoting positive behaviour is important so you build a bond with that child so when they do go through a stage of bad behaviour they respect you and listen to you when you guiding them in the right direction. Also praise is the most important when promoting positive behaviour this would be a case of reverse physiology. Review effectiveness of own contribution to the assessment of the development needs of a child or young person? Review effectiveness of own role in supporting the child or young persons development? Identify changes that can be made to own practice in supporting child and young person development? Outline own role and responsibilities in the event of a child or young person requiring urgent medical attention? When a child needs urgent medical attention the first thing that you should do is find out how bad the injury in to determine what you need to do to help the child then you need to react and provide first aid on the child if more serious ring for an ambulance. Then next monitor the child for further re-occurring effects, this is mainly for a head injury. Then you will need to record the injury and what happened and what first aid you carried out on the child. Outline procedures for infection control in own work setting? The procedures that we have in place in the work setting are cleaning charts and professionals that come in and check over the setting to make sure that it is clean. Also we make sure the toys are clean for the children to play with to reduce infection and cleaning the nursery every night. Also if there is a spill of any kind such as blood or sick, we have different coloured buckets to clean it up to reduce contamination. If you were to be in the kitchen we use different coloured chopping boards to stop the risk of cross contamination which could lead to infection. Explain how the procedures of the work setting protect both children and young people and practitioners? This protects everyone in the setting from infection such as illness for example the common cold. This protects everyone because the cleaner the better, if the rooms were never cleaned or tidied that’s how infection would built because when you clean you kill any type of infection. Describe what is meant by a positive environment? A positive environment would be where staff and children are happy at all times, where everyone gets on well and keeps the setting positive. Making sure that the children have enough the play with both indoor and outdoor to keep them happy, when there is enough space for the children to play it keeps them positive. Although we need to make sure that the setting is fun and attractive it needs to be safe and secure. Identify regulatory requirements that underpin a positive environment for children and young people? The regulatory requirements that underpin a positive environment for children must be safe to work in, so this is why there are ratio’s to children to staff. Also yearly Ofsted will visit the setting to make sure you are sticking to these requirements, a few examples would be the heating, making sure it’s always at the right temperature which is 15-18 degrees or for babies 20-22. Another would be radiators and pipes to be covered and smoke alarms fitted in the setting and making sure that emergency equipment is always available. Explain how to effectively care for children and young people’s skin, teeth and hair? It is always important that children’s skin teeth and hair is looked after. Skin – children are encouraged to wash hands after using the toilet or before they, also as they get older they should be encouraged to wash their own bodies when they wake up and before they go to bed for example letting the child have their own flannel will encourage this.

The Issue Of Gun Control - 1578 Words

Few topics can generate more of a divided opinion than gun control. In reviewing the following case study, â€Å"Case 8.4: Have Gun, Will Travel†¦to Work†, several important questions will be discussed involving moral and legal rights of both the employee and the employer. This case involves the dilemma of a company’s rights to protect its employee’s verses an individual’s right to bear arms. In 2002 several employees were terminated for violating company policy by keeping guns in their vehicles while at work. Although at the time there was no state or federal law prohibiting the company from dismissing an employee for having a gun in their vehicle, this action by Weyerhaeuser, a Seattle-based timber-producing company set in motion a legal†¦show more content†¦Prior to 2004, there was no federal or state law allowing an employee to have a gun in a privately owned parking lot against the owner’s wishes. Beginning with Oklahoma case, ma ny other states have passed laws; nearly half of the states have recently enacted so-called â€Å"guns-at-work† laws. (Reed Scardino, 2015) The argument for a gun in the car is that the individual has a right to defend themselves during the trip to and from work. Also, an individual has a right to have a gun in their car since the vehicle is the employees’ private property. So you have a moral right to have a gun and a moral right to keep that gun in your privately owned vehicle. From the business side, an employer has a duty to provide a reasonably safe working environment. This is an OSHA standard. OSHA rules regulate the workplace for health and safety. Employers who violate the OSHA, â€Å"general duty clause,† can be issued citations, fines, and penalties. Another critical concern is that the employer has a duty to provide a, â€Å"reasonably safe work environment†. (Reed Scardino, 2015) So the traditional idea and policy that allowed employers th e right to ban employees from bringing guns onto company property, even if stored in personal vehicles that are parked in a company owned lot has changed for many states. Currently, states are heartily siding with employees whoShow MoreRelatedGun Issue And Gun Control1401 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity, Gun Politics has been a course I have aspired to take. While many enroll in such a course looking for an escape from the â€Å"collegiate liberal echo chamber† or as an outlet for their conservative agendas, I saw the class as an â€Å"entrance to the dark side.† My views on guns prior to the class were, I would call, polarized yet uninformed. In most of my discussions, I would cite the Australian 1996 National Firearms Agreement as precedent for how American politicians should approach the gun issueRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pagessomebody who wants to inflict harm on other people to get his or her hands on a gun.† (Simple Minde d Gun Control). Gun control is a controversial issue worldwide. The reason why this has attracted so much attention is because not everyone is in favor of gun control and each side brings up excellent points about the issue. Research related to this issue strongly supports the claim that there SHOULD be more gun control laws. Three arguments that prove this position are (1) Incidents like Sandy HookRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1489 Words   |  6 Pagessplit on the issue of gun control. We have seen many violent shootings and innocent people dying because of gun violence. Some Americans believe we need strict gun laws to protect our children and ourselves from these horrific tragedies. Other Americans believes it is our rights as Americans to posses’ guns and we are entitled to that right in our constitution. There are also some Americans that are stuck in the middle and can see both sides but recent events have definitely caused this issue to be inRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1031 Words   |  5 Pagesintegrate them in a way that will trigger a new viewpoint on the subject. Gun control is something that should be enforced across the world in order to save lives. In the United States there is a ratio of 88.8 guns per one hundred persons (GunPolicy.org). Those numbers award us with the highest total per capita number in the world. With that amount of firepower there needs to be an efficient way to regulate who exactly can purchase a gun. Since 1791 when the second amendment was ratified there have beenRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1705 Words   |  7 Pagesaway without preface or reason. All someone needs to do is pull the trigger. In today’s world, guns are far too accessible to the people of society. We hear in the news, stories of mass shootings, homicides, and suicides; most of which are caused by the activation of a gun. A hot-button issue, gun control is one of the most debated topics in American politics. Should we, or should we not, be able to own guns? Although it infringes on the Second Amendment that provides the right to bear arms, this amendmentRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control951 Words   |  4 PagesGun control has been a big topic for the past decade in the united states. These debates will rise and fall time in and time out after something horrific happens in the state. Anti-Gun supporters do not realize that it is extremely difficult to regulate something in the states that is a big portion of our economy.Would stricter gun laws change anything? So far statistically It has been proven otherwise one must consider how a citizen would defend themselves when they are faced with terror. How willRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control929 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control Getting arrested yesterday was not the highlight of my week. I was hungry; so I went to Wal-Mart get some charcoal, lighter fluid, and steak. I put the charcoal in the grill and the lighter fluid on the coals. I got a little lighter fluid on my arm, but I didn’t pay it much attention. I lit the match and threw it on the coals. I looked down and my sleeve was on fire. I was waving my arm in the air, trying to put it out. Then here they come the police pulled in and tackled me to theRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1552 Words   |  7 PagesThe issue of gun is always controversial. Firearm can be used as defending or an assaulting weapon. In United States, firearm increase the rate of homicide, suicide and gun violence, which can harm and murder people. Moreover, taking away people’s gun will not work effectively because the murder and criminal will find another ways to get guns. Also, the black market will appear for the people who cannot get guns from regulated market s. In addition, if regulated guns are banned, murderers may useRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1678 Words   |  7 PagesJanuary 2014 The 2nd Amendment Over the past few years, the issue of gun control has been widely discussed. You surely have heard the phrase, â€Å"Guns don’t kill people, people kill people† uttered and i wholeheartedly support this statement. It is important to treat guns responsibly so they do not end up in the wrong hands. I believe gun control violates our inalienable rights. Another piece of our liberty will surely be taken away if guns are banned, and socialism and totalitarianism will be rightRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1208 Words   |  5 PagesWill Christopherson Traverson English 2 1 March 2017 Gun Control The United States has 88.8 guns per 100 people, or about 270,000,000 guns, which is the highest total and per capita number across the globe. The current public gun control debate in the United States seems to be placed on standby until it is sparked up by a major mass shooting. There were at least 126 mass shootings between January 2000 and July 2014.(pro). Opponents of more gun laws accuse supporters of using a horrific event to further

Xerox Financial Fraud Case Analysis Essay - 1620 Words

Financial Research – The Xerox 1 Financial Research Xerox Financial Fraud Case Analysis This paper was prepared for Auditing Procedures Financial Research – The Xerox Abstract On April 8th, 2002, the Xerox Corporation (Xerox) announced its willingness to accept the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to reach a settlement with the conditions. Thereafter, its financial fraud became surfaced. On June 28th, Xerox Corporation in accordance with the requirements of the settlement, submitted the unaudited 1997-2000 restated annual financial statements to the SEC, and recognized fraud interest income of $6.4 billion, pre-tax profit of $1.4 billion (SEC thought that should be $1.5 billion) during this period, which sparked†¦show more content†¦Lured by the huge profits, KPMG who providing the accounting services for many years has surrendered its violations, lose the principles in the front of professional standards and ethics. Fraud Analysis: The case of Xerox involved the accounting operating practices can be summarized into two main categories: advance to confirm rental income and the use of illegal ready adjustment of profits. 1. Advance to confirm rental revenue. The greatest means of fraud accounting profit is to use the sales-type leasing. Before the lease beginning date to confirm the lease-related revenue, Financial Research – The Xerox and to make the current profit targets meet with Wall Streets expectations. In addition, Xerox specifically adopted the measures of return on equity and profits standardized to 5 overestimate the fair value of the leased asset. If the given book value of the leased asset, its fair value is greater, then the recognized sales profits with inception of the lease period will be greater. â€Å"The commission alleged that Xerox management accelerated the revenue recognition of leasing equipment over a four-year period by more than $3 billion, and inflated pre-tax earnings by $1.5 billion, to meet or exceed Wall Street expectations and hide its true operating performance.† 2. Manipulation of various violation of reserve. This is the second greatest Xerox accounting fraud measure. In the U.S. capital markets, variousShow MoreRelatedFinancial Statement Frauds29904 Words   |  120 Pages2002:53 Financial Statement Fraud - Recognition of Revenue and the Auditor’s Responsibility for Detecting Financial Statement Fraud - Tiina Intal and Linh Thuy Do Graduate Business School School of Economics and Commercial Law Gà ¶teborg University ISSN 1403-851X Printed by Elanders Novum Abstract Financial reporting frauds and earnings manipulation have attracted high profile attention recently. There have been several cases by businesses of what appears to be financial statementRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 20021356 Words   |  6 PagesFinancial Statement Fraud Over the past decade the world has been taken by surprise by the numerous accounting scandals that have occurred, for example, Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, Xerox, and Global Crossing (Suyanto, 2009, p. 118). Since those accounting scandals occurred the United States Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) to help improve a company’s corporate governance and help deter fraud (Chinniah, 2015, p.2). In addition to SOX, the Accounting Institute of Certified Public AccountantsRead MoreAccountant Responsibility1863 Words   |  8 Pagespaid properly and on time. Accountants analyze and communicate financial information for various entities such as companies, individual clients, and Federal, State, and local governments. The provide accurate information to clients by preparing, analyzing, and verifying financial documents, budget analysis, financial and investment planning, information technology consulting, and limited legal services. 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Therefore, information security is first and foremost is a management issue, not an information technology issueRead MoreWaste Management33554 Words   |  135 Pagesaccounting fraud and auditor legal liability c a S eS inc lu de d in t hiS Se ction 4 89 99 4.1 Enron Corporation and Andersen, LLP Analyzing the Fall of Two Giants . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Comptronix Corporation 4.3 Cendant Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifying Inherent Risk and Control Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 119 127 137 Assessing the Control Environment and Evaluating Risk of Financial StatementRead MoreToyota the Rise of a Global Corporation6931 Words   |  28 Pagesdivision. Toyota expects to use its strong financial position to expand operations worldwide and increase its commitment to RD, especially in safety, automation, and environmentally friendly vehicles, such as the Prius, one of its hybrid cars. 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Learning objectives specific to this case include an increased awareness of the importanceRead MoreXerox Inxight Parc Spin Off6859 Words   |  28 PagesIntroduction Mohan Trikha had a vision to maximize the value of two of Xerox PARC technologies: visualization and linguistics, both which were 20 years in the making. Trikha attempted to embed these technologies in as many applications as possible through the creation of a Xerox New Enterprise (XNE), Inxight. His objective was to demonstrate to the Xerox management team through a business plan, the feasibility and profitability of such a spin-out, as well as the validity in its creation to supportRead MoreBank Frauds in India are Substantial2419 Words   |  10 PagesThe number of bank frauds in India is substantial. It is increasing with the passage of time. All the major operational areas in banking. There are different area in Bank Deposits, loan, inter branch, accounting, transaction etc. Bank fraud is a big business in todays world. 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Importance of History Essay - 905 Words

Many students wonder why the study of history is so important in today’s curriculums. A simple answer to that is, one cannot proceed without knowledge of the past, or to say that one learns from others mistakes as well as their own. This being true, another reason to study history is to see, not only our mistakes so we may learn, but also to see the good influences that molded the world and culture we live in. The ancient civilizations of the Greeks, Hebrews and Romans contributed to our modern civilization, not just the eastern-European but western civilization as well. Those cultures and civilizations shaped eastern-European culture which intern shaped our western culture, so for us to truly study our cultural history we must revert†¦show more content†¦Oedipus possessed all the characteristics that were sought after in their society such as being highly respected, knowledgeable and he was the king of the land. However, the Greeks didn’t overlook the fact tha t everybody was human and septable to failure. â€Å"From that day on we called you king we crowned you with honors, Oedipus, towering over all-mighty king of the seven gates of Thebes. Bu now to hear your story—is there a man more agonized? More wed to pain and frenzy? Not a man on earth, the joy of your life ground down to nothing†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (631-632). This quote summarizes the Greek tragedy, that a man so high in social standing can fall so low. The Greeks used stories such as this to portray to their society that nobody is above the struggle of life and to urge the people to lead good lives and to strive for the embodiments that they wish to posses. In this culture the Greeks were polytheistic with one god being more powerful than the others (Zeus). This polytheistic viewpoint was not adopted into our modern religions and has almost become comical among our society. The Greek culture, for the most part, was unorganized and their concepts of multiple gods reflect the ch aos in which they lived. The Hebrew concept of religion on the other hand, though revolutionary in its time, withstood the test of time and is seen throughout modern cultures. The Hebrew concept of monotheism, the belief in one god, shaped their culture as it does many modern cultures.Show MoreRelated The Importance of History Essay992 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is history? Should we study history? Who creates history? Is history relevant? The definition of history, is a question which has sparked international debate for centuries between the writers, readers, and the makers of history. It is a vital topic which should be relevant in our lives because it?s important to acknowledge past events that have occurred in our world that deeply influences the present. This essay will discuss what history is, and why we study it. 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Forward Strategy Queensland Health Payroll †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Forward Strategy Queensland Health Payroll. Answer: Program Information Program name: Queensland Health Payroll Forward strategy for payroll system The project characteristics of the forwarding strategy for the Queensland Payroll system are implementation of system, phased delivery of features on fortnightly basis, analysis of changing business requirements, and upgrading of software based on the requirement. The justifications for these characteristics are: The requirements of the system may not be 100% clear at the beginning and the project may demand certain changes or additions that can be incorporated with phased deliveries The system once implemented cannot be considered as always catering to needs of the changing business environment and thus, a continuous analysis and upgrading would be needed thereafter(KPMG , 2012) Governance and decision-making The project characteristics of the governance and decision making for the Queensland Payroll system are adapted governance framework, ownership structure, leadership engagement, working relationships, and roles and responsibilities of key project stakeholders. The justifications for these characteristics are: A governance framework would be needed which is adopted for the payroll portfolio Ownership structure, leadership engagement, and working relationships between people working on the project would ensure that right decisions are taken and project progresses smoothly. Key stakeholder requirements are important to cater to while taking decisions and thus, their roles and responsibilities have to be clearly understood(Walker, 2013) People and change The project characteristics of the people and change needed for the Queensland Payroll system are project manager, software developer and company employees. The justifications for these characteristics are: Project manager would ensure that all the needed activities are completed within budget and in time for the development project Developers would execute the coding activities to build the software Actual users of the system would be the employees of the company and thus, their potential usage would affect the development and implementation plan(Danilewicz, 2016) Funding The project characteristics of the funding needed for the Queensland Payroll system include costs of development, operations and improvement of the system. Justification of these characteristics is that the Funding should be sufficient to get all tasks completed and the resulting operations should be able to cover the costs(Fargo, 2015). The Participants Forward strategy for payroll system Owner CEO of the Queensland Government is the owner of the project Designers The designers of the system are the stakeholders who would suggest development and improvement ideas Contractors The contractors of the project would be the project manager who would understand stakeholder requirements and developers who would be incorporating the required changes as demanded by the stakeholders(VRINCUT, 2012). Governance and decision-making Owner Owner of this process would be the group leader who would be taking care of major decisions related to project governance Designers The designers of the system are the stakeholders who would suggest development and improvement ideas Contractors The contractors of the project would be the project manager who would assist top management in decision making through delivering project insights(Waterhouse, et al., 2009) People and change Owner The Project head of the company would be responsible for managing people and changes in the project Designers The designers of the system are the employees of the company who would suggest development and improvement ideas Contractors The contractors of the project would be the project manager who would bring change in the organization and would manage the people involved in the project as well as cater to the needs of the staff(Goldratt Cox, 2004) Funding Owner Project sponsor is the owner of the project Designers The designers of the system are finance manager and administrative staff who would be identifying needs and provisioning funds Contractors The contractors of the project would be the finance manager who would get the needed funds approved and the accounting staff who would be disbursing the funds needed(Chang, et al., 2011) The Negotiation Interaction Process Forward strategy for payroll system For forward strategy for the payroll system, the negotiating position recommended is understanding the structure of the organization, analysing its system, and provide upgrades based on the needs for resolving problems and incorporating improvements. Governance and decision-making For improving payroll, a four year program involving workforce management, business management, financial management, business improvement, and governance would be taken considering the project cost of $82 million(Too Weaver, 2014). People and change The award structure used in QH would be studied and would be simplified as it can have a significant impact on costs and performance of the payroll system. Any organizational changes would bring in changes in the functions of the payroll systems which would make the system more stable. As the architecture would affect the change management and communication between staff, these changes can bring in direct improvements in communication between people(GOI, 2010). Funding The key drivers of the project cost are minimum requirements delivery cost, maintenance and rectification cost, system enhancements, and improvement costs. Decisions would be taken for each of these components on whether they have to be funded and what fund should be allocated to each(HM Treasury, 2007). The Negotiation Methods Forward strategy for payroll system For negotiating forward strategy, communication methods would be used between the project manager and the staff to negotiate on needs for improvements and upgrades. Governance and decision-making Negotiation for governance and decision making would be done by exchange of arguments between people so that a coordinated behaviour can be achieved to improve the utility of each(KERLER, 2005). People and change For negotiating people and change, communication would be carried out between people along the lines of operating and delivery models and attempts would be made to build trust in people on the payroll system by demonstrating consistent and measureable improvements continuously. For people to accept changes, tangible benefits of the changes would be demonstrated(Casey, 2004). Funding Funding shortfalls against the needs for improvements and current requirements of the system would be communicated to the sponsor to negotiate on getting the funding for taking care of the future expenditures. The Outcome Forward strategy for payroll system The outcome of negotiation would be identified features or upgrades that would bring improvement in the payroll system. Governance and decision-making The outcome of negotiation on governance would changes in the organizational structures for better governance and decision making People and change The negotiations would reveal the challenges faced by employee while communicating with the system such that change requests may be placed for resolving the issues Funding Negotiation on funding would ensure that the company is able to gain profits post developments such that the development initiatives are justified(Pieterse, et al., 2012) References Casey, A. E., 2004. The ABCs of Negotiation, s.l.: Community Catalyst, Inc.. Chang, A. S.-T., Shih, J. S. Choo, Y. S., 2011. Reasons and costs for design change during production. Journal of Engineering Design , pp. 275-289 . Danilewicz, D., 2016. Strategic Planning in the Payroll Department, s.l.: NYU Langone Medical Center. Fargo, W., 2015. Payroll Strategies Advance Training, s.l.: 2002. GOI, 2010. Change Management for e?Governance Projects, s.l.: Government of India. Goldratt, E. Cox, J., 2004. The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement.. Great Barrington, MA: North River Press. HM Treasury, 2007. Project Governance:a guidance note for public sector projects, s.l.: HM treasury. KERLER, M., 2005. HOW DECISION-MAKING PROCEDURES CREATE GOOD GOVERNANCE: TECHNICAL REGULATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION, Bamberg, Germany : Otto-Friedrich-University. KPMG , 2012. Review of the Queensland Health Payroll System, s.l.: Queensland Health. Pieterse, J. H., Canils, M. C. Homan, T., 2012. Emerald Article: Professional discourses and resistance to change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, pp. 798 - 818. Too, E. G. Weaver, P., 2014. The management of project management: A conceptual framework for project governance. International Journal of Project Management, p. 13821394. VRINCUT, M., 2012. PROCESS QUALITY MANAGEMENT TOOLS WITH APPLICATIONS IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT. BUCHAREST, ROMANIA , INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE, pp. 1120-1127. Walker, I., 2013. The Queensland Health Payroll System Commission of Inquiry, s.l.: Queensland Government. Waterhouse, J. M., Keast, R. L. Brown, K. A., 2009. Governance and negotiation: context revisited, s.l.: Queensland University of Technology.